Biology Regents Practice Exam

Which of the following is a consequence of habitat destruction?

1. Increase in species population

2. Decrease in genetic diversity

3. Improved ecosystem stability

4. A boost in food supply

The correct answer is: Decrease in genetic diversity

Habitat destruction significantly impacts the biological diversity within ecosystems. When habitats are altered or destroyed, the number of available niches decreases, leading to a decline in the variety of species that can thrive in that environment. As populations of different species diminish due to the loss of their natural habitats, genetic diversity within those species also typically decreases. This reduction in genetic diversity makes populations more vulnerable to diseases, environmental changes, and decreases their overall adaptability, increasing the risk of extinction. While habitat destruction generally leads to negative consequences for ecosystems, such as population declines and instability, its direct effect on genetic diversity is a crucial aspect of understanding ecological health. A decrease in genetic diversity can have long-term effects on the resilience and adaptability of species, which is why this consequence is particularly important.