Biology Regents Practice Exam

What is one negative effect of human land use on ecosystems?

1. More homes

2. Successful economic growth

3. Less biodiversity

4. Increased food production

The correct answer is: Less biodiversity

One significant negative effect of human land use on ecosystems is the reduction of biodiversity. As humans develop land for various purposes—such as agriculture, urbanization, and infrastructure—natural habitats are often destroyed or altered. This destruction can lead to the loss of plant and animal species that rely on those ecosystems for survival. When diverse habitats are converted into monocultures, such as single-crop farms or urban areas, this limits the variety of species that can thrive in those environments. Consequently, the genetic diversity within those species also diminishes, which compromises their resilience and ability to adapt to changes, diseases, or environmental pressures. Reduced biodiversity can destabilize ecosystems, affecting their productivity, resilience, and the services they provide, such as pollination, water purification, and climate regulation. Thus, the impact of human land use that leads to less biodiversity is a critical concern in discussions about sustainability and environmental conservation.